"The U.S. Department of Education is launching an effort to reform and simplify how college students apply for and receive financial aid," Diverse: Issues In Higher Education reports. "The federal student aid form needs to be cut down from 100 to nine questions and the aid formula should be revamped and more closely tied to adjusted gross income and the number of dependents, said Under Secretary of Education Sara Martinez Tucker. She made the announcement on July 17 in Chicago at a national summit addressing affordability, accountability and accessibility in higher education. Tucker said the government needs to distribute aid more efficiently and increase the number of people, rather than simply raising the amount of aid available. While the amount of federal grants, loans and tax credits has tripled since 1992 to $160 billion, the percentage of college students has remained flat. Furthermore, about 40 percent of students attending four-year public schools need to add a quarter to a third of their income to complement the aid packages they receive. Tucker said the department will convene experts to develop proposals to present to Congress."